1. What is Torque in Physics?

Torque (τ) is a measure of the rotational force applied to an object. It's the rotational equivalent of linear force and causes angular acceleration. The SI unit for torque is the newton-meter (Nm).

2. Understanding the Torque Equation

The fundamental torque equation is:

Where:

• \( \tau \) — Torque (Nm)
• \( I \) — Moment of inertia (kg m²)
• \( \alpha \) — Angular acceleration (rad/s²)

Explanation: This equation shows that the torque required to produce a given angular acceleration is proportional to the body's moment of inertia.

3. Importance of Torque Calculation

Details: Torque calculations are essential in mechanical engineering, vehicle design, robotics, and any application involving rotational motion. It helps determine the force needed to achieve desired rotation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter moment of inertia in kg m² and angular acceleration in rad/s². Both values must be valid (moment of inertia > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How is torque different from force?
A: While force causes linear acceleration, torque causes angular (rotational) acceleration. Both are vector quantities.

Q2: What affects moment of inertia?
A: Moment of inertia depends on the mass distribution relative to the axis of rotation. Objects with mass farther from the axis have greater moment of inertia.

Q3: Can torque be negative?
A: Yes, torque can be negative when it causes rotation in the opposite direction (clockwise vs counterclockwise).

Q4: What are common applications of torque?
A: Common applications include engines (torque output), wrenches, gear systems, and any rotating machinery.

Q5: How does torque relate to power?
A: Power (P) in rotational systems is the product of torque and angular velocity (ω): P = τω.